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Two-Photon Excitation STED Microscopy in Two Colors in Acute Brain Slices
Many cellular structures and organelles are too small to be properly resolved by conventional light microscopy. This is particularly true for dendritic spines and glial processes, which are very small,...
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Big Neuroscience: Billions and Billions (Maybe) to Unravel Mysteries of the...
The era of Big Neuroscience has arrived.In late January, The Human Brain Project—an attempt to create a computer simulation of the brain at every scale from the nano nano to the macro biotic—announced...
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Whole brain cellular-level activity mapping in a second
It is now possible to map the activity of nearly all the neurons in a vertebrate brain at cellular resolution. What does this mean for neuroscience research and projects like the Brain Activity Map...
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Neurient: An algorithm for automatic tracing of confluent neuronal images to...
We present Neurient, an algorithm developed to trace dense fluorescent neurite images.Neurient allows unsupervised image processing, with optional tunable parameters.Method: find seed points, index...
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See-through brains clarify connections
Technique to make tissue transparent offers three-dimensional view of neural networks.A chemical treatment that turns whole organs transparent offers a big boost to the field of ‘connectomics’ — the...
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An optogenetic approach in epilepsy
[Review] Highlights:Optogenetic tools allow selective activation/silencing of specific neuronal populations.Inhibitory opsins have been shown to efficiently reduce epileptiform activity in brain...
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Optical control of metabotropic glutamate receptors
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of membrane signaling proteins, respond to neurotransmitters, hormones and small environmental molecules. The neuronal function of many GPCRs has...
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Ion Channels "Methods and Protocols"
Every cell in our body contains a great variety and number of permeability pathways for various organic and inorganic ions, water, metabolites, nutrients, and signaling molecules. Maintenance and...
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Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience
A study with low statistical power has a reduced chance of detecting a true effect, but it is less well appreciated that low power also reduces the likelihood that a statistically significant result...
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[Protocols] In vitro imaging of primary neural cell culture from Drosophila
Cell culture systems are widely used for molecular, genetic and biochemical studies. Primary cell cultures of animal tissues offer the advantage that specific cell types can be studied in vitro outside...
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Small-scale isolation of synaptic vesicles from mammalian brain : Nature...
Synaptic vesicles (SVs) are essential organelles that participate in the release of neurotransmitters from a neuron. Biochemical analysis of purified SVs was instrumental in the identification of...
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Towards Neuronal Organoids: A Method for Long-Term Culturing of High-Density...
One of the goals in neuroscience is to obtain tractable laboratory cultures that closely recapitulate in vivo systems while still providing ease of use in the lab. Because neurons can exist in the body...
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A strategy to capture and characterize the synaptic transcriptome
Here we describe a strategy designed to identify RNAs that are actively transported to synapses during learning. Our approach is based on the characterization of RNA transport complexes carried by...
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Viral transduction of the neonatal brain delivers controllable genetic...
Freehand injection of recombinant AAV into the neonatal mouse brain offers a fast and easy way to attain widespread genetic manipulation of neurons throughout the brain. Rapid onset and year-long...
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Selective and regulated gene expression in murine Purkinje cells by in utero...
A new in utero electroporation (IUE) protocol has been developed to deliver genes preferentially into cerebellar Purkinje cells. IUE did not alter the physiological characteristics or normal synaptic...
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Localization of single-cell current sources based on extracellular potential...
A new, spike CSD (sCSD) method has been developed to reveal CSD distribution of single cells during action potential generation, based on the inverse solution of the Poisson-equation. Simulations...
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Researchers Perform Fastest Measurements Ever Made of Ion Channel Proteins
The miniaturization of electronics continues to create unprecedented capabilities in computer and communications applications, enabling handheld wireless devices with tremendous computing performance...
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Opportunities and challenges of pluripotent stem cell neurodegenerative...
Human neurodegenerative disorders are among the most difficult to study. In particular, the inability to readily obtain the faulty cell types most relevant to these diseases has impeded progress for...
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Seeing the forest tree by tree: super-resolution light microscopy meets the...
Light microscopy can be applied in vivo and can sample large tissue volumes, features crucial for the study of single neurons and neural circuits. However, light microscopy per se is...
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Targeting neurons and photons for optogenetics
activity in genetically or functionally defined neurons with millisecond precision. Harnessing the full potential of optogenetic tools, however, requires light to be targeted to the right neurons at...
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